Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance – This comprehensively updated new edition provides a thorough and dynamically-illustrated overview of the female reproductive organs, care of the female during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period. It is clinically relevant, with a focus on diagnosing, managing and treating disorders and abnormalities and is fully aligned with medical school curricula.
Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance:
• Recaps basic history taking, anatomy and endocrinology and focuses on clinically relevant information
• Covers each topic in a double-page spread, packed with charts, graphs, photographs and visuals
• Includes thoroughly updated sections on reproductive endocrinology, infertility and urogynecology
The companion website at www.ataglanceseries.com/obgyn features interactive flashcards, case studies and multiple-choice questions (MCQs).
Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance is the perfect guide for medical students, junior doctors and midwives, and is ideal for those embarking on clinical rotations and the clerkship.
Table of Contents
Preface – Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
The medical and scientific problems of this world cannot be solved by skeptics whose horizons are limited by practical realities. We need women and men who dream of things that cannot be and ask why not. Professor Egon Diczfalusy, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, 1992 Medicine continues to attract the brightest and most dedicated students to its ranks. The opportunity to nurture the talented young minds that will one day rise up to lead the medical community remains the single greatest privilege for the academic clinician. Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
Nowhere is this privilege – and challenge – more apparent than in obstetrics and gynecology, a discipline that remains more art than science. Although clinicians in all disciplines aspire to practice rational evidence-based medicine, many basic questions in the field of obstetrics and gynecology remain unanswered. While cardiologists measure changes in calcium flux within a single myocardial cell and nephrologists estimate changes in osmotic gradient along a single nephron, obstetrician–gynecologists continue to debate such questions as: How is the LH surge regulated? What causes endometriosis? Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
Why is there still no effective screening test for ovarian cancer? What triggers labor? This text is written primarily for medical students starting their clinical rotations. It is designed to give the reader a succinct yet comprehensive review of obstetrics and gynecology. Each chapter consists of two pages: a page of text and an accompanying set of images or algorithms that serve to complement the text. It is the sincere hope of the authors that the readers will find this book interesting, easy to read, and informative. Not all questions can be answered in a formal text format. Students should be encouraged to question and challenge their clinical teachers. Only then can the field move forward. Remember: “We need women and men who dream of things that cannot be and ask why not.”
Acknowledgments – Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
To my wife, Ann; my parents, Rollo and Marionne; and my children, Nicholas, Gabriella, and Sam. E.R.N. I would like to thank my wife, Sharon; and my children, Dante, Lena, and Rocco for their support during the completion of this book. In addition, I would like to express my deep appreciation for the mentors who inspired me during my obstetrics and gynecology training – most notably Isaac Schiff, Fred Frigoletto, John Repke, Ross Berkowitz, and Sam Mok.
From the Back Cover – Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
The market-leading at a Glance series is used world-wide by medical students, residents, junior doctors and health professionals for its concise and clear approach and superb illustrations.
Each topic is presented in a double-page spread with clear, easy-to-follow diagrams, supported by succinct explanatory text.
Covering the whole medical curriculum, these introductory texts are ideal for teaching, learning and exam preparation, and are useful throughout medical school and beyond.
Everything you need to know about Obstetrics and Gynecology…at a Glance!
This comprehensively updated new edition provides a thorough and dynamicallyillustrated overview of the female reproductive organs, care of the female during pregnancy, childbirth and the postnatal period. It is clinically relevant, with a focus on diagnosing, managing and treating disorders and abnormalities and is fully aligned with medical school curricula.
Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance:
- Recaps basic history taking, anatomy and endocrinology and focuses on clinically relevant information
- Covers each topic in a double-page spread, packed with charts, graphs, photographs and visuals
- Includes thoroughly updated sections on reproductive endocrinology, infertility and urogynecology
TABLE OF CONTENTS – Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
Contents
List of contributors 7
Preface 8
Acknowledgments 8
About the companion website 9
Part 1 Gynecology Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
General
1 History taking and physical examination 10
2 Anatomy of the female reproductive tract 12
3 The menstrual cycle 14
4 Abnormal vaginal bleeding 16
5 Ectopic pregnancy 18
6 Pelvic pain 20 Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
7 Lower genital tract infections 22
8 Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) 24
9 Benign disorders of the lower genital tract 26
10 Benign disorders of the upper genital tract 28
11 Endometriosis and adenomyosis 30
12 Contraception 32
13 Sterilization 34
14 Breast disease 36
15 Miscarriage 38
16 Termination of pregnancy 40
17 Gynecologic surgery 42
18 Ethical and medicolegal issues 44
Urogynecology Obstetrics and Gynecology at a Glance
19 Urinary incontinence 46
20 Pelvic organ prolapse 48
Reproductive endocrinology and infertility
21 Puberty and precocious puberty 50
22 Amenorrhea 52
23 Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) 54
24 Recurrent pregnancy loss 56
25 The infertile couple 58
26 Ovulation induction 60
27 Assisted reproductive technology (ART) 62
28 Menopause and hormone replacement therapy 64
Gynecologic oncology
29 Cervical dysplasia and HPV vaccine 66
30 Cervical and vaginal cancer 68
31 Vulvar cancer 70
32 Uterine cancer 72
33 Ovarian cancer 74
34 Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) 76
Part 2 Obstetrics
General
35 Embryology and early fetal development 78
36 Fetal physiology 80
37 Endocrinology of pregnancy and parturition 82
38 Maternal adaptations to pregnancy 84
39 Prenatal diagnosis 86
40 Obstetric ultrasound 88
41 Obstetrics in primary care 90
Antepartum complications
42 Infections in pregnancy: bacteria and protozoa 92
43 Infections in pregnancy: viruses and spirochetes 94
44 Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 96
45 Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy 98
46 Cardiovascular disease in pregnancy 100
47 Thyroid disease in pregnancy 102
48 Other medical and surgical conditions in pregnancy 104
49 Drugs and medications during pregnancy 106
50 Disorders of amniotic fluid volume 108
51 Disorders of fetal growth 110
52 Antepartum fetal surveillance 112
53 Hydrops fetalis 114
54 Intrauterine fetal demise 116
55 Multiple pregnancy 118
56 Antepartum hemorrhage 120
57 Premature labor 122
58 Cervical in sufficiency and cervical cerclage 124
59 Premature rupture of the membranes 126
Intrapartum management
60 Normal labor and delivery I 128
61 Normal labor and delivery II 130
62 Induction and augmentation of labor 132
63 Abnormal labor and delivery 134
64 Pain relief in labor 136
65 Intrapartum fetal monitoring 138
66 Surgical vaginal delivery 140
67 Cesarean section delivery 142
Postpartum complications
68 Third stage of labor and postpartum hemorrhage 144
69 The puerperium 146
70 Circumcision 148
Part 3 Self assessment
Case studies and questions 150
Answers 152
Further reading 162
Index 163
About the Author
Errol Norwitz, Louis E. Phaneuf Professor of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA.
John Schorge, Clinical Director, Gillette Center for Women’s Cancer, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
